Zip. Describe the logarithmic nature of the earthquake magnitude scale. Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Do you agree with this alignment? minutes = 6 minutes. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. What is an earthquake? El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se diri, Online Education Strategies (UNIV 1001 - AY2021-T), Advanced Care of the Adult/Older Adult (N566), Advanced Design Studio in Lighting (THET659), Introduction to Health Information Technology (HIM200), Biological Principles II and Lab (BIOL 107/L), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Foundational Concepts & Applications (NR-500), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), BSC 2085-Study Guide - Dr. Alfonso Pino - Online course, Lecture notes, lecture all lectures - lecture notes from professor alan klein, Full Graded Quiz Unit 3 - Selection of my best coursework, EES 150 Lesson 2 Our Restless Planet Structure, Energy, & Change, General Chemistry I - Chapter 1 and 2 Notes, 1-2 Short Answer- Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment. earthquake. American Geosciences Institute. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. 0000078100 00000 n
Three seismographs are needed. 0000003855 00000 n
Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. Seismograms velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. S waves. hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. 0000001604 00000 n
At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. 0000002094 00000 n
Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). minutes and P waves 8 minutes to In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics;
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This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. 0000079769 00000 n
Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. 0000005544 00000 n
xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Three seismographs are needed. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. They make a model of a seismographa measuring device that records an earthquake on a seismogram. 0000001143 00000 n
Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. 6. P wave. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. epicenter, the longer the lag time measured The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. Thanks for your feedback! The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence
Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. 0000001862 00000 n
Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? surface wave? 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. What data is used to determine magnitude? Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. Thanks for your feedback! Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. earthquake though). Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Therefore, the lag 0000008088 00000 n
The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. and S waves to travel any distance up to 0000030968 00000 n
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Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. 0000007783 00000 n
(Grades 9 - 12). Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. Facility Name Busine Child ren Information Child Name C. Child Social Security Number Type of Case being filed - Check only one category. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. 13. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. Key Facts & Information. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Subjects: Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 1. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves?