[11] In 2003, the Russian Ministry of Justice had forty registered Rodnover organisations, while there were "probably several hundred of them in existence". [70] Men are seen as innately disposed towards "public" life and abstract thought, while women are seen as better realising themselves in the "private" administration of the family and the resources of the house. [339], There are many denominations of Rodnovery as it is in general a democratic, free, or "open-source religion", that emphasises the "equality of men in their access to the divine" from different perspectives. [51][52] According to Laruelle, Rodnovers believe that it is a symbol of "accession to the upper world". [87] Rod is the all-pervading, omnipresent spiritual "life force", which also gives life to any community of related entities; its negative form, urod, means anything that is wrenched, deformed, degenerated, monstrous, anything that is "outside" the spiritual community of Rod and bereft of its virtues. [165] Schnirelmann similarly noted that there is a loose boundary between the explicitly politicised and less politicised wings of the Russian movement,[144] and that ethnic nationalist and racist views were present even in those Rodnovers who did not identify with precise political ideologies. [353], Scythian Assianism (Russian: ) is essentially a type of Scythian Rodnovery which emulates the Ossetian Folk Religion. Polish demonology Water nymphs source: liveinternet.ru. [186] Some Rodnovers take their cosmology, ethical system, and ritual practices from the Book. Add to Favorites Kolovrat Leather Keychain - Slavic Mythology Sun God Svarog Symbol leather metal T keychain - FREE shippng - snis. [166] For many others, rituals may include magical practices and are meant at the creation of shared meanings and new community ties. [311] In 2009, the Union of Slavic Native Belief Communities and the Circle of Pagan Tradition issued a joint statement against Ynglism (Aleksandr Khinevich and Aleksey Trekhlebov), Levashovism (Nikolay Levashov), as well as Valery Chudinov and Gennady Grinevich, disapproving what they reckoned as Ynglists', Levashovites' and the other authors' "pseudo-Pagan teachings, pseudo-linguistics, pseudo-science and outright fiction". [140], There are, nonetheless, recurrent themes within the various strains of Rodnovery. [8] The sociologist of religion Kaarina Aitamurto has suggested that Rodnovery is sufficiently heterogeneous that it could be regarded not as a singular religion but as "an umbrella term that gathers together various forms of religiosity". [8] Sometimes, the meaning of the word is left deliberately obscure among Rodnovers, allowing for a variety of different interpretations. [164], Laruelle has observed that even in groups which reject extreme nationalism or are apolitical, ethnic identity is still important, and a good Rodnover is considered one who is conscious of ethnic identity, national traditions, and knows the history of the ancestors. [130] Many Rodnovers espouse socio-political views akin to those of the French Nouvelle Droite,[145] and many of them in Russia have come close to the ideas of Eurasianism. For some Rodnovers, the Orthodox cross is another Slavic version of the swastika. [97], When emphasising this monism, Rodnovers may define themselves as rodnianin, "believers in God" (or "in nativity", "in genuinity"). In one gruesome instance near the Ukrainian border in 1997, a man and his nephew attacked a woman who they claimed used black magic to cast a spell on them. [279], Wadysaw Koodziej (18971978) later claimed to have established, before the Second World War, the Holy Circle of the Worshippers of Svetovid (wite Koo Czcicieli wiatowida), although there is no evidence that they conducted regular meetings until many years later. [99], Sylenko proclaimed himself a prophet, bringing to the Slavs a new understanding of God that, according to him, corresponds to their own and original understanding of God. [338] In June 2017, during the celebrations of the nationwide holiday called Stado, a new religious organisation was created: the Religious Organisation of Polish Rodnovers "Kin" (Zwizek Wyznaniowy Rodzimowiercw Polskich "Rd"). [96] Triglav and Svetovid ("Worldseer") are concepts representing the axis mundi and, respectively, the three qualities of reality and their realisation in the four dimensions of space. [113] Lesiv reported about a Sylenkoite follower who said that "we cannot believe in various forest, field and water spirits today. [59] It has deep senses related to its Slavic etymology, that would be lost through translation, which express the central concepts of the Slavic Native Faith. [38], According to Ivakhiv, despite the intense efforts of Christian authorities, the Christianisation of the Slavs, and especially of Russians, was very slow and resulted in a "thorough synthesis of Pagan and Christian elements", reflected for instance in the refashioning of gods as Christian saints (Perun as Saint Elias, Veles as Saint Blasius and Yarilo as Saint George) and in the overlapping of Christian festivals on Pagan ones. The book explores the pre-Christian Slavic customs, symbols and myths from the deepest parts of prehistory up to our contemporary folklore. [50] The contemporary design of the kolovrat as an eight-spoked wheel was already present in woodcuts produced in the 1920s by the Polish artist Stanisaw Jakubowski, under the name soneczko ("little sun"). The Way of Great Perfection is actually conceptualised as an overcoming of both the right-hand and the left-hand paths. He ensures that the hunt is successful and that fishermen catch many fish. For instance, the end of winter is marked by burning straw images of Marzanna, the goddess of winter, while celebrating the victory of Yarilo, the god of the full swing of natural forces; the end of summer, instead, is marked by the burial of an image of Yarilo. Marija Gimbutas, instead, found Slavic religion to be a clear result of the overlap of Indo-European patriarchism and pre-Indo-European matrifocal beliefs. [299] Schnirelmann reported in 2008 that Ivanovism was estimated to have "a few dozen thousand followers". [61] From Ukraine, the term began to spread throughout other Slavic countries. Vedic ta, "Right"), was usurped by the Christians. "[199], Rodnovery is essentially a religion of the community, with most adherents actively joining organisations; only a minority of believers choose solitary practice. [7] The interplay with the gods and the cycle of nature which they represent is displayed through large-scale ceremonies which Aitamurto defines as "aesthetically lavish", vectors of a great deal of creativity. According to them, such criticism is an attempt to "suppress knowledge" carried forward either by Soviet-style scientism or by "Judaic cosmopolitan" forces. [392] The locution "Slavic hill" refers to the kurgan, warrior mound burials of the PonticCaspian steppe. [148] Aitamurto suggested that Russian Rodnovers' conceptions of nationalism encompass three main themes: that "the Russian or Slavic people are a distinct group", that they "haveor their heritage hassome superior qualities", and that "this unique heritage or the existence of this ethnic group is now threatened, and, therefore, it is of vital importance to fight for it". In general, the strengthening of the "Aryan" ideas among the Russians remains little studied and little realized. [158] Other Rodnovers hold philo-Semitic views instead;[159] for instance, Kandybaites regard Jews and Asians in general as part of the same Eastern spiritual humanity of which the Slavs themselves are part, opposed to a Western despiritualised beastly humanity. Svarog is the creator of the other gods, associated with smithery. [359] Makeyev himself, in a 2007 publication entitled "Assianism and world culture" (Assianstvo i mirovaya kul'tura), presented the religion as a worldwide spiritual heritage. [186] In Russia there was a shared belief among the intellectual circles that Slavic paganism had survived within the "folk Orthodoxy" of the common people (which was regarded as a dvoeverie, a "double faith"), and the Old Believers' movements. 1938). [173], The socio-political system proposed by Rodnovers is based on their interpretation of the ancient Slavic community model of the veche (popular assembly), similar to the ancient Germanic "thing" and ancient Greek democracy. Her symbol, or star, serves as protection against negative energy or dark forces. Currently based on early Kirillitsa of the 9th 10th century, used to translate religious script into a new language. [422] Alternately, the Ukrainian organisation Ancestral Fire of the Native Orthodox Faith has expanded in both Moldova and Germany. [149] According to them, the Slavs are the directest descendants of an ancient Aryan race, whom they equate with the Proto-Indo-Europeans. Rodnovers share the strong feeling that their religion represents a paradigmatic shift which will overcome the mental constraints which were imposed by feudalism and by what they call "mono-ideologies". [196] In various Slavic countries, many archaeologists and historians have been hesitant about giving credence to Rodnover interpretations of history. Sylenkoism is the branch of Rodnovery represented by the churches of the Native Ukrainian National Faith (Ukrainian: ) founded by Lev Sylenko in 1966 among the Ukrainian diaspora in the United States, and introduced in Ukraine only in 1991 after the fall of the Soviet Union. [261], The origins of Slavic Native Faith have been traced to the Romantic movement of late eighteenth and nineteenth-century Europe, which was a reaction against rationalism and the Age of Enlightenment. [5] The movement has no overarching structure,[6] or accepted religious authority,[7] and contains much diversity in terms of belief and practice. He also espouses a form of elitism, by recognising shamans (poets and mystics) as people characterised by greater intelligence and power devoted to the realisation of a better future for mankind. [99] Sylenko was a charismatic leader, and his followers praised his talents and oratorial skills. [348], Koliada Viatichey (Russian: ) is a Rodnover faction that emerged in 1998 through the union of the group named "Viatiches", inspired to the homonymous early East Slavic tribe of the Viatiches, which comprised well-educated Moscow intellectuals and was founded by Nikolay Speransky (volkhv Velimir) in 1995, and the community named "Koliada". Wojdart From shop Wojdart. He is associated with herders and cattle farmers. [138], The belief systems of these Slavic communities had many affinities with those of neighbouring linguistic populations, such as the Balts, Thracians and Indo-Iranians. [246] Though the majority of Rodnover priests are males, Rodnover groups do not exclude women from the priesthood, so that a parallel female priesthood is constituted by the two ranks of zhritsa and vedunya ("seeresses"). [431] Some Bulgarian Rodnovers identify themselves as the descendants of the Turkic Bulgars and therefore lean towards the Central Asian shamanic type of Rodnovery, influenced by the ancient Turko-Mongolian religion; they are incorporated as the Tangra Warriors Movement (Bulgarian: " "). [271] Together with a narrow circle of believers, Belov also experiments with an "inner energy" style of fighting based on folk magic. Prestige is not limited to male priests; a priestess, Halyna Lozko from Ukraine, is an acknowledged authority within the Rodnover movement,[128] and the settlement of Pravovedi in Kolomna is governed by a priestess. [233] The structure of these Syenkoite rites is modelled on those of the Eastern Orthodox Church. [26] Other leaders who emerged in this period were Aleksandr Asov, author of numerous books on Rodnover philosophy which have sold millions of copies, Aleksandr Belov, founder of the Slavic-Hill military type of Rodnovery integrating Rodnover philosophy and martial arts, and Viktor Kandyba, founder of Kandybaism. He is representative of the destructive, masculine force of nature. [208] The vast majority of Russian Rodnovers were young and there were a greater proportion of men than women. [77], By the mid-1930s, the term "Neopagan" had been applied to the Polish Zadrugist movement. [244] Gaidukov documented that in the 2000s Rodnovers erected a statue of Perun in a park near Kupchino in Saint Petersburg, although they did not obtain official permission first. [132] Russian nationalists had welcomed the collapse of the Soviet system but were disappointed with the arrival of capitalism and the dramatic economic downturn that Russia faced in that decade. In the Slavic mythology, Veles (or Bog Veles) is the guardian of the Heavenly Gates, which separate the spiritual world from the physical world. Greek Orthotes, Sanskrit ta) in primordial undeterminacy (chaos), through a dual dynamism, represented by Belobog ("White God") and Chernobog ("Black God"), the forces of waxing and waning, and then giving rise to the world in its three qualities, Prav-Yav-Nav[95] (meaning "right"-"manifested"-"unmanifested", but called with different names by different groups[89]), namely the world of bright gods, the world of mankind, and the world of dark gods. are often symbols used in folklore, and Slavic folklore is no different. Flat With Shadow Icon And Mobile . [72] Some Russian and Ukrainian Rodnovers employ, respectively, Yazychestvo and Yazychnytstvo (i.e. [203] Some Rodnovers also take a hostile stance towards Judaism, which they regard as having spawned Christianity,[204] or believe that Christianity has led the Slavs under the control of the Jews. It was in Chicago that he established the earliest groups of the Native Ukrainian National Faith (Sylenkoism) in 1966. [63] The term was originally also applied to the modern Pagan religions of non-Slavic groupsfor instance, in the Polish language Lithuanian Romuva has been referred to as Rodzimowierstwo litewskie ("Lithuanian Native Faith") and Celtic Paganism has been referred to as Rodzimowierstwo celtyckie ("Celtic Native Faith"),[63] however, "now, especially if you write [it] with the capital letter, the term is understood, first of all, as a designation of the Slavic Native Faith". [130], Within Rodnovery, gender roles are conservative. [59] Rod is conceived as the absolute, primordial God, supreme ancestor of the universe, that begets all things,[59] and at the same time as the kin, the lineage of generation which is the ancestral bond to the supreme source. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, "rda Rodzimej Wiary wtki aryjskie i zadrune w doktrynie zwizku wyznaniowego Rodzima Wiara", "Shaman, Schismatic, Necromancer: Religious Libertarians in Russia", " . . ", " ", " ' ' ", "Qualification of Slavic Rodnovery in scientific literatureneopaganism or ethnic religion", Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans, Castro culture/Proto Gallaecian-Lusitanian, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slavic_Native_Faith&oldid=1141331410, Articles containing Belarusian-language text, Articles containing Bulgarian-language text, Articles containing Bosnian-language text, Articles containing Macedonian-language text, Articles containing Croatian-language text, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Slovene-language text, Articles containing Serbian-language text, Articles containing Ukrainian-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Serbo-Croatian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 14:39. [202] They consider the Abrahamic religions and their later secular ideological productionsMarxism, capitalism, the general Western rationalism begotten by the Age of Enlightenment,[203] and ultimately the technocratic civilisation based on the idea of possession, exploitation and consumption of the environment[119]as "mono-ideologies", that is to say ideologies which promote "universal and one-dimensional truths", unable to grasp the complexity of reality and therefore doomed to failure one after the other. [287], During era of Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union (1920s1950s), research into prehistoric societies was encouraged, with some scholars arguing that pre-Christian society reflected a form of communitarianism that was damaged by Christianity's promotion of entrenched class divisions. [162] Moreover, there has been an increasing de-politicisation of Rodnovery in the twenty-first century. [53] Also appropriate chants and gestures are believed to allow the participants to enter in communion with the upper world. Black magic spells were also used for revenge, protection, and power. Ruling over the Slavic pantheon was Perun, the god of thunder and lightning, associated with fire and mountains and more. The Witcher 3 runes are all based on Slavic gods. The Bazhovites retain most of the Roerichian practices, and worship, as their major deities, the Mistress of the Copper Mountain and the Great Snake. She is the Slavic god of female endeavours, such as spinning, weaving, and shearing. Zhiva (or iva) is the goddess of life in the Slavic mythology. He says that Meryan Native Faith is mostly Slavic Native Faith whose concepts, names and iconoraphy are Finnicised. [423], Rodnover groups are also active in Belarus,[424] though the movement emerged in the country only in the 1990s, much later than in Russia and Ukraine. [182], In the 1970s, explicitly religious Rodnover groups had still to operate in secret, although a few small groups were known to exist in Moscow and Leningrad (Saint Petersburg), closely linked to the nationalist intellectual circles. [138] Over the course of several centuries, Slavic populations migrated in northern, eastern and south-western directions. [14] The ethnonym "Slavs" (Polish: Sowianie, South Slavic: Sloveni, Russian: Slavyane), derives from the Proto-Slavic root *slovo, "word", and means "those who speak the same words", and according to Rodnovers it has the religious connotation of "praising one's gods". [295] In the early 1980s, the Pamyat movement was established by figures active at the Metropolitan Moscow Palace of Culture, whom similarly looked with fondness on ancient Aryan culture. [181], Rodnover organisations have inherited ideas of commonality and social governance from Slavic and Russian history. [132] Many leaders of early post-Soviet Rodnovery were intellectuals who were already Rodnovers in the late Soviet times; for instance, Grigory Yakutovsky (volkhv Vseslav Svyatozar), Alexey Dobrovolsky (volkhv Dobroslav) and Viktor Bezverkhy. Tolkien. [277] He was nevertheless labelled a neopoganin ("Neopagan") by the Polish popular press, a term that he embraced as a self-descriptor in later life. On the same occasion, they once again expressed disapproval for some authors and movements, including the large Skhoron ezh Sloven, which is also present in Belarus and Ukraine. Over time, however, tribes were consolidated and, not long after, most converted to Christianity. . [44] The scholar of Russian folk religion Linda J. Ivanits has reported ethnographic studies documenting that even in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russia there were entire villages maintaining indigenous religious beliefs, whether in pure form or under the cover of a superficial Christianity. These gods are the personifications of the heavens, the earth and the underworld. [38] Halyna Lozko of the Federation of Ukrainian Rodnovers, which directly inherits Volodymyr Shaian's orthodox doctrine, advanced vehement critiques of Sylenkoism, deeming Lev Sylenko a "false prophet" and accusing him of having tried to lead Ukrainians in the Abrahamic religions' "quagmire of cosmopolitan monotheism". The Anastasian movement arose starting in 1997 from the writings of Vladimir Megre (Puzakov; born 1950), codified in a series of ten books entitled The Ringing Cedars of Russia, whose teachings are attributed to a beautiful Siberian woman known as Anastasia, often considered a deity or the incarnation of a deity, whom Megre would have met during one of his trade expeditions. [133] Many groups in both Russia and Ukraine have demanded the prohibition of mixed-race unions,[134] while the doctrine of the Ynglist Church includes an articulate condemnation of race mixing as unhealthy. Avdeyev connected the future with the establishment of a "supranational, continental, planetary worldview", which should be helped by a "national prophet". withershins, leftwise) in those rituals dedicated to the gods of Nav (underworld). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [79] Many Rodnovers straightforwardly reject the designator "paganism", whether "neo-", "modern", "contemporary" or without prefixes and further qualificators, asserting that these are "poorly defined" concepts whose use by scholars leads to a situation in which Rodnovery is lumped together with "all kinds of cults and religions" which have nothing to do with it. The aim of the Authentist philosophical practice is to reveal one's own true spiritual essence, which is identical with God, Rodwhich is viewed as the complementary unity of Belobog/Sventovid and Chernobog/Velesand therefore the unity of mankind and God, which characterises Russia's special mission opposed to Western individualism. Rodnovery has developed distinctive strains of political and identitary philosophy. To the early Slavs especially, the stork was seen as good luck, but there is a more sorrowful side to many birds as well. [352], Various organisations have been established in the late 2000s and 2010s, including Merjamaa and Merya Mir ( , "Merya World"). The symbol represents the three different aspects of the goddess, which are: Crone Mother Maiden The goddess has associated with sorcery, necromancy, herbs, magic, witchcraft, the moon, entrance, and crossroad. [265] In Czechia, in 1839, the doctor and teacher Karel Slavoj Amerling (18071884) founded the Brotherhood of the Faithful of the New Slavic Religion (Bratrstvo Vrnk Novho Nboenstv Slvskho), identified as pantheism and as a means for the Czech National Revival; the group was, however, banned by the Austrian rulers just one year later, in 1840. [122], Rodnovers value individual responsibility as the cornerstone for the further maturation of humanity, equating the conversion to Rodnovery with such maturation. Also worshipped were primary gods, associated with the sun, moon, skies, heaven and the underworld. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. [190] Temple buildings (, khram) may be present. [378], Bazhovism () originated as a branch of the Roerichian movement and is centred in the Ural region of Russia, where Arkaim, in Chelyabinsk Oblast, is regarded by the Bazhovites as the world's spiritual centre. [141] In 2017, he stated that between 2000 and 2500 "actively engaged and regular participants" were likely active in the country. [64] Many Rodnovers have adopted terms that are already used to refer to other religions, namely "Vedism", referring to the historical Vedic religion and the ancient Iranian religion, and "Orthodoxy", commonly associated to Orthodox Christianity. [390], Slavic-Hill Rodnovery (Russian: - ) is one of the earliest branches of the Slavic Native Faith that emerged in Russia in the 1980s, and one of the largest in terms of number of practitioners, counted in the many tens of thousands. [111] Sylenko acknowledged that the ancient Slavs were polytheists but believed that a monotheistic view reflected an evolution in human spiritual development and thus should be adopted. [141] Kosnik and Hornowska observed that despite being young, Polish Rodnovers were spiritually mature and had joined the religion as it satisfied deep personal needs. Years later, the protagonist guards the secret of the library from a Moscow scientist who burns old books. [110] Sylenko characterised Dazhbog as "light, endlessness, gravitation, eternity, movement, action, the energy of unconscious and conscious being". Aitamurto summarised Rodnover ethics in the concepts of patriarchy, solidarity and homogeneity, with the latter two seen as intrinsically related. It is believed that Slavic mythology can trace its roots back to the Proto-Indo European period, and perhaps as far back as the Neolithic era.The early Proto-Slav tribes split into groups, consisting of the East, West Slavs, and South Slavs.Each group created its own distinct set of localized mythologies, deities, and rituals based upon the beliefs and legends of the original Proto . [116] Rodnovers generally believe that death is not a cessation of life, and believe in reincarnation only in mankind and in the possibility of deification in paradise, Iriy or Vyriy, which is the same as Prav. The Slavic Native Faith, commonly known as Rodnoverie and sometimes as Slavic Neopaganism, is a modern Pagan religion.Classified as a new religious movement, its practitioners hearken back to the historical belief systems of the Slavic peoples of Central and Eastern Europe, though the movement is inclusive of external influences and hosts a variety of currents. [146] In this vein, they often oppose what they regard as culturally destructive phenomena such as cosmopolitanism, liberalism and globalisation,[115] as well as Americanisation and consumerism. [289] Boris Rybakov (19082001), former head of the Institute of Archaeology, provided the first academic studies about ancient Slavic religion. [355] An organised attempt at a renewal of the Scythian religion by the Cossacks started in the 1980s building upon the folk religion of the Ossetians, who are the modern descendants of the Scythians. Antecedents of Rodnovery existed in late 18th- and 19th-century Slavic Romanticism, which glorified the pre-Christian beliefs of Slavic societies. [180] Archaic patterns of meaning re-emerge at different levels on the spiral of time. [130] Some regard ethnic minorities living in Slavic countries as a cause of social injustice,[130] and some Russian Rodnovers encourage the expulsion from Russia of those they regard as aliens, namely those who are Jewish or have ethnic origins in the Caucasus,[155] an approach which could require ethnic cleansing. "" - slavic sun wheel - "kolovrat" means "spinning wheel" in a number of slavic languages. [234] Some Rodnover groups incorporate practices which are not Slavic in origin. Vladimir Istarkhov, in the book "The Strike of the Russian Gods", predicts that in the era of Aquarius there will be a revival of the pagan gods, and the "Aryan power" will triumph over the "Jewish devil. Ruevit is a local, warrior god. [130] Other Rodnovers are openly anti-Semite,[156] a category which for them means not only anti-Jewish but more broadly anti-Asian, anti-Christian and anti-Islamic, and anti-Byzantinist sentiment,[157] and espouse conspiracy theories claiming that Jews and Asians control the economic and political elite. "Rodnovery" is a widely accepted self-descriptor within the community, although there are Rodnover organisations which further characterise the religion as Vedism, Orthodoxy, and Old Belief. [132], Ideas and practices perceived as coming from Western liberal societywhich Rodnovers perceive as degenerateare denounced as threats to Slavic culture; for instance, alcohol and drug consumption, various sexual behaviours and miscegenation are commonly rejected by Rodnovers, while they emphasise healthy family life in harmonious environments. Mjolnir - Thors Hammer, Drawing In Celtic Knot Design, And Norse Runes Circle, Isolated On White, Vector Illustration. It is Bog Hors who ensures that the harvest is plentiful and the cattle are healthy. In Slavic pagan beliefs, souls are separate from the body and dwelt on earth for forty days after someone died. [70] In adopting such a conservative stance to sexual ethics, practitioners of Rodnovery can adopt misogynistic and homophobic attitudes. Also, Saint Leontius of Rostov is appropriated as a native god. [42], In Ukraine, the first practitioners of Slavic Native Faith appeared in the 1930s. She is the opposing personification to Mara, the goddess of death. Air is associated with communication, wisdom or the power of the mind. [102] The Russian volkhv Velimir (Nikolay Speransky), emphasises a dualistic eternal struggle between white gods and black gods, elder forces of creation and younger forces of destruction; the former collectively represented by Belobog and the latter by Chernobog, also symbolising the spiritual and the material. In recent times, the movement has been increasingly studied by academic scholars. The Triskele is an ancient Celtic symbol used in modern witchcraft and neo-paganism. [266] Another precursor in Poland was Jan Sas Zubrzycki (18601935), who elaborated the doctrine of "God-Knowing" (Bogoznawstwo). [192] Such morphology of time is otherwise describable as "spiral". [374] In his writings, Megre identifies the ideal society which the Anastasians aim at establishing, based on its spiritual ideas, as an ancient Slavic and Russian "Vedism" and "Paganism", and many of his teachings are identical to those of other movements of Rodnovery. [74] Indeed, many Slavic languages have two terms that are conventionally rendered as "pagan" in Western languages: the aforementioned pogan and yazychnik.